REMAPE home page
Aim of the subproject
The principle aim of REMAPE is to investigate the processes and the phenomena which control the chemical composition of the troposphere over Europe by means of advanced and integrated modelling. The modelling activity in REMAPE will be directed to scientific issues as well as environmental policy. REMAPE will be guided by the needs for ecological and environmental issues and driven by the progress of atmospheric sciences. It will serve the EUROTRAC II community by providing simplified model for independent use and applying complex systems to problems and episodes of interest to other subprojects. It will exploit the considerable experience gained in the subproject Eumac of EUROTRAC I in the field of regional model design and application.
Work plan
Core models of the subproject will be three-dimensional Eulerian models with variable resolution (about 0.1 to 50 km) in the horizontal and sufficient vertical resolution covering Europe or parts of Europe. They will be applicable to episodic and seasonal application. Nesting techniques will have to be applied.
Furthermore, process, box, 1-D, 2-D and 3-D models of different complexity will be used with the aim of supporting and completing more complex versions. The different models to be used in REMAPE should have common features which enable a communication and a linking between the models. In this way, during the course of REMAPE a coherent model hierarchy will be built.
It is understood that advanced air pollution modelling has to be an integration of chemical meteorological and emission modelling. In the light of recent findings of EUMAC and research elsewhere it is mandatory to include the simulation of the free troposphere and lower stratosphere for realistic treatment of the boundary layer photo-oxidant problem.
Considering the broad approach needed for air pollution simulation, it should be explored whether different parts of the model system run at different locations can be connected in an interactive network.
The following five categories form a basis for a model hierarchy of REMAPE.
a. Process modelling.
Process and sensitivity studies have to be conducted with the aim
to increase the performance, reliability and applicational range
of the simulation models.
b. Episodic modelling.
The subproject has to provide tools for and carry out episodic
modelling. This is, for instance, needed for planning campaigns
and support of data interpretation.
c. Seasonal and long-term modelling.
Tools for attacking the problem of longer term changes in the
view of abatement measures efficiency etc. have to be provided.
d. Transboundary effects, regional budget studies.
New methods of assessing transboundary impact of air pollutants
emissions on the basis of advanced Eulerian models have to be
adopted and developed.
e. Air pollution prediction.
Short- and medium range on line forecasts of air pollution are
one of the challenges of the subproject.
The research to be performed in REMAPE should be focused on one, or more, of the following focal points.
A. Model improvement.
REMAPE should focus on creating an advanced model system covering
Europe. Of particular interest are the following elements:
B. Computational aspects.
C. Model evaluation and validation.
Of great importance are studies on model evaluation and
validation, which should be performed on all elements and input
data of the model. Validation studies should be performed on
emissions, on meteorological fields, on submodels (dry
deposition, radiative transfer, chemistry etc.) of the model, and
for the model as a whole to the form of multi-component
validation. Model evaluation and validation studies should
contain both model intercomparison and comparisons between
calculations and observations.
These studies have to lead to a quantitative determination of the model's uncertainties, and to quality assurance/quality control of the model performance.
D. Application to episodic, seasonal and long-term
modelling.
The model hierarchy should be applied to selected episodes and
seasons with the aim to diagnose specific air pollution events
and their temporal as well as spatial characteristics including
longer term trends. The models should also support field campaign
planning and contribute to the interpretation of campaign
observations.
E. Assessment studies.
The REMAPE hierarchy of models should be used to address various
applications to assess the impacts of abatement strategies and
scenario developments. This includes, among others, VOC and NOx
emission reductions directed to critical levels, critical loads
studies including the impact of sensitive areas of a limited
spatial extension, aerosols and fine particles, transboundary
transport and transcontinental effects, studies of the impacts of
specific sources like traffic, air traffic, industry.
REMAPE would like to see about five contribution per focal point A, B, C and D. Focal point E will most likely be guided by direct questions from policy makers, both governments and industry.
REMAPE will focus on regional, continental modelling, but it is essential that active interfaces will be created with projects focusing on emissions (the GENEMIS II initiative), on urban scale modelling (the SATURN initiative) and on hemispherical/global modelling (the GLOMAP initiative).
An agreement should be made with EMEP about close cooperation, mutual support and free exchange of knowledge and information.
This page is maintained by Jørgen Brandt and Helge Rørdam Olesen
Document date: September 13, 1996
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