In Greenland mineral resources have been explored and exploited for about 150 years. And during the past 25 years environmental impact and regulations of these activities have become an increasing more important issue, involving the Department of Arctic Environment. The department conducts environmental impact assessment studies of mineral activites in Greenland as part of the approval of these. This includes the development of general rules and regulations for mineral exploration and handling of waste from ore extraction.

Environmental studies have also been conducted at mineral deposits, which may be developed into mines. These include baseline studies and potential pollution from mining ore and from disposal of waste products. The department has also conducted hyperspectral analysis of mining and wildlife areas in Greenland. Such studies are important in planning a mining operation, so that it may be designed in order to avoid or mitigate environmental impacts.